The purpose of a cat’s purr has previously been one of life’s great mysteries, but a new study might provide some answers. Scientists from Kyoto University have identified a potential genetic factor influencing cats’ purring.
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They tested 280 neutered, mixed-breed, domestic cats, and found that cats with short-type androgen receptor genes reported to purr more than those with long-type androgen receptor. Male cats with short-type androgen receptor genes were reported to be more vocal still. The AR gene is located on the X chromosome and plays a key role in male sexual development and helps regulate testosterone.
The AR gene exists in different versions, known as alleles, which vary in length and can influence how the gene functions. In this study, they were grouped into 'short' and 'long' types based on the number of repeated genetic sequences.
Some longer-type androgen receptor alleles appear to be unique to domestic cats, making them less vocal than wild cats. This is perhaps due to their reliance on human care, which the researchers suggest may have reduced the need for vocal communication.
The findings of this study might have potential implications for animal welfare. Cats with longer alleles might be less vocal, so the risk of overlooking health conditions or distress may be greater. Owners are therefore encouraged to look out for other distress signals.
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